diehl



(No Model.)

SEWINGMAGHINB.

Patented'neo. 1s. 1887..

N, PERS, P110 n Washinghm.

(N 0 Mode1.) s'sheets-sne-et 2.

' P. -DIEHL SEWING MACHINE. 4 No. 374,661. y, Patented Dec. 13, 1887.

WITNES s; I 1 INVENTOR N4 PETERS, Pholquuwgnpher.-whingxan. D. Cv

" (No Model.) 3 sheets-sheet 3.

P. DIEHL.l v SEWING MACHINE.

No.`374,661 Patented -De 13 1887.

INVBNTOR MT1-:D STATES' PATENT Fries@ I PHILIP DIEHL, OF ELIZABETH, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE SINGER MANUFACTURING COMPANY OF NEW JERSEY.

SEWING-MACHlNE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 374,661, dated December 13, 1887.

Application iiled April 14, 1887, Serial No. 234,764. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that l, PHILIP DIEHL, of Elizabeth, county of Union, and State of New Jersey, have invented an Improvement in Sewing-Machines, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is aspeciflcation, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention, herein to be described, is an improvementon thatdescribedin UnitedStates Patent No. 229,629,dated July 6, 1880,wherein is employed an oscillating shuttle co-operating with an eye-pointed needle to form a lock or shuttle stitch.

In the machine described in the patent referred to, as well as in all other machines known to me and employing an oscillating shuttle which passes entirely through the loop of needle-thread, the bobbin is so supported in the shuttle that it partakes of a movement bodily with the shuttle as the latter is moved forward through the loop and is returned into its most backward position preparatory to again entering a second loop of needle-thread; or, in other words, the center of the bobbin is eccentric to the center of oscillation of the shuttle, and the bobbin also oscillates with the shuttle. p

In my experiments to improve the class of machine referred to, in order that it may be run at great speed and yet do good work, I have discovered, when the bobbin also oscillates with the shuttle, as when the center of rotation of the bobbin is eccentric for any appreciable extent to the center of oscillation of the rock-shaft which oscillates the shuttle, that the practical speed limit is greatly curtailed because of the friction and wear of the shuttle in the shuttle-race, and because of the extra momentum and-jar that has to be overcome, as the direction of movement of the shuttle is changed quickly. When the center of the bobbin is eccentric to the center of oscillation ofthe shaft moving the shuttle, it results that the weight of the bobbin and its thread is added to the weight which has to be carried backward and forward by the shuttle or to be oscillated with the shuttle. The greater the weightof the shuttle the greaterits momentum and jar when the motion of the shuttle is reversed, and so also the greater the friction of the shuttle in its raceway due to centrifugal laction, and consequently when running at shaft for operating the shuttle, l have mounted the bobbin carrying the under thread. In this way the weight of the bobbin and its thread is so distributed that it is equally balanced about the center of the rock-shaft which actuates the shuttle, and herein the evils due toy momentum of the bobbin and its thread are overcome, and so, also, objectionable heating of the'raceway, and shuttle due to centrifugal action of the shuttle, is reduced to the minimum,which, besides enabling the machine to be run with less power, also necessitates less oil or other usual lubricant between the shuttle and its race.

A sewing-machine employing a rotating shuttle provided with a bobbin having its center concentric to. the shaft which actuates the shuttle driver or carrier, and drivenat a constant speed from the needle-bar-actuating shaft, could not be made to operate practically; but to enable a machine having a rotary shuttle and a bobbin mounted therein and turning on a center coincident with the center of the shuttle the shaft for rotating the shuttle driver or carrier has been driven mechanically from the needle-bar-actuating shaft through the intervention of a variable-speed mechanism, whereby the shuttle at portions of each rotation is made to travel at a different rate of speed, such variable speed enabling the shuttle to get through the loop of needle-thread in the time allotted therefor by the reciprocation of the needle, it being essential in the manufacture of a practical machine to let the shuttle take and cast off the loop of needle-thread in the shortest possible time or cycle of movement of the shuttle, and then move more slowly to enable the take-up or other threadcontroller to take up the loop of needle-thread IOO and finish the stitch 'before the feed operates;` and it is also especially desirable and quit-e essential in high-speed machines to have the most time possible 'during each stroke or `os cillation of the shuttle in which tolet the takenp, and thereafter the feed, operate, thus avolding shocks upon not only the thread, but also on the working parts of the machine.

In machines using a variable-motion mechamsm such as referred to it has also been deemed essential to so place the center of rotation of the uttle eccentric with relation to the center of r tation of the shaft actuating the shuttle driver or carrier, or else to employ a peculiar device having lugs which are made to alternately engage and then release the shuttle, in order that the loop of needle-thread may pass freely about4 the shuttle without hinderance froml its driving source.

In a machine wherein the shuttle rotates, the point of the shuttle travels through a path measured by th ree hundred and sixty degrees of a circle, or travels through only a complete c irele for each stitch, and to insure sufficient time during each complete rotation of the shuttle to enable the take-up and feed to operate 1n succession, as stated, the variations in speed of movement of the point of the shuttle during each rotation thereof must be very considerable, and the greater the variation in speed the greater the strain and wear on the mechanlsm.

By employing an oscillating rather than a rotating shuttle and actuating it by mechanism capable of turning it in one and then in the reverse direction for` more than one hundred and eighty degrees of a circle, I` am enabled to make the point of the shuttle move in the production of each stitch over a distance greater than three hundred and sixty degreesin practice about four hundred and four degrecs-such increase in degrees through which the shuttle is moved while each stitch is being made enabling me to run'the shuttle at nearly the same speed from the commencement to the end of each stroke, and this without at all lessening the time in which the take-up and feed may operate. I have also so timed the movement of the parts which actuate the shuttle that the loop of needle-thread .is cast o' the leading or pointend of the shuttle before the point of the shuttle arrives at the limit of its forward throw; but the reverse movement of the shuttle is commenced before the loop of needlethread being drawn up by the take-up arrives atthe heel of the shuttle, such reversal eectually opening a space between the driver and the heel of the shuttle for the free passage of the loop of needle-thread as it slips upward to the under side of the material about the bobbin or under thread.

The shuttle herein to be described and claimed has a point, and co-operat'ing with it, and extended in the same direction, it has a loop-discharger made as a finger, which is a little longer than the projecting portion of the point, the said discharger being inclined tothe point of the said oscillating shuttle reaches a line drawn vertically through the bobbinsupporting post, the loop-discharger causing the loop of needle-thread to be delivered against the bobbin-case at a point beyond the said vertical line in the direction of the forward movement of the shuttle, so that there is 'no liability of the loop being passed up about the wrong side ot' the bobbin-case.

I have herein shown the bobbin-case as provided at its front with a tension device or spring, and I have provided a tension-regu` lating lever which is accessible to the operator without removing the shuttle or bobbin.

Herein the bobbin-case made to embrace a post extended outwardly from the center of the shuttle inthe line ofthe center of oscillation of the shaft for actuating the shuttle receives and supports a bobbin, and the said bobbin-case, as iu other sewing-machines employing both hooks and shuttles, is restrained from rotation by a suitable bobbin-case detainer.

Heretofore bobbin-cases of the class referred to have been closed at their outer sides; but to assist in enabling the take-up to commence a little earlier than it would or otherwise could to take up the loop of needle-thread last drawn by the shuttle I have cut away about one-half of the front end of the bobbin-case, thus decreasing its thickness, and so, also, by providing the bobbiu-head with a slot, it is also possible to see the thread on the bobbin, so as to stop the machine before the bobbin-thread is exhausted.

To enable the passage of the loop from the bobbin-ease over which it is spread by the shuttle to be accelerated from the time the loop starts to ride upon theloop-discharger toward` the bobbin-case, I have cut away or beveled the outer face of the` bobbiu-case, so that as the loop commences to run off the loopdischarger it also commences toslide down the bevel of the bobbin-case toward the side thereof from which the loop of needle-thread is pulled up by the take-up, the beveled portion of the bobbin-case, co-operating with the take-up, aiding in forcing the loopof needle- ICD a speed in advance of the speed of rotation of lating shuttle, its bobbin-case, and the shut-` tlc-race; Fig. 8, the shuttle and bobbin-case and bobbin removed; Figs. 9 and 10, front and side elevations of the shuttle; Fig. 11, ay

section of Fig. 8 in the line y y. Figs.- l2 and 13 show the bobbin-case detached, and Fig. 14 a section of Fig. 12.

The bed-plate A, overhanging arm B, rotating needle-bar-actuating shaft C, needle-bar h, its eye-pointed needle, the link f, the upper end of which embraces a crank on the shaft C, while its lower end is connected by a studscrew to one arm' of a rockshaft, I, having an arm, as ja, which receives a roller or other its arms c2 and c, the take-np lever T, and its operating cam-hub Tare all substantially'the same as in the patent referred to, where most of the parts are designated by like letters; so the said parts need not be herein further described.

The devices for operating the shaft D, to

impart movement to the shuttle driver or carrier herein marked H, will be found to be more fully described in United StatesPatent` lin place, Fig. 8) is, as herein shown, composed,

essentially, lof a substantially semi-annularor segmental hoop, b, having a point, b', a heel,

b2, a loop-discharger, b3, a post-holding arm, b, and astud or post,'b5, erected thereon, on

which stud or post is placed loosely the sleeve.

g of the bobbin-caseg.

The'bobbincase g is cut away at its outer side,-'as at g2, to thereby not only reduce the thickness of the shuttle at its discharging side and to lighten it in weight, but also tolleave:

exposed the bobbin m, which is made Vto surround vthe sleeve g. Y

That part of the bobbin-case not cut away, as shown and described, is beveled, as at g3, so that the loop of needle-thread, while the shuttle moves from the position Fig. 6 tothe position Fig. 7, is drawn by the take-np down thev said incline g3, after having been spread over the bobbin-case, as'the yshuttle is movedv from the position Fig.V 5 to the positionFig. 7.

The bobbin-'case has attached to it by a suitable pin or screw, g4, a tension spring, g",which,

at or near the centerof its length, is outwardly bulged tobe acted upon by a suitabletensionregulator, ge, pivoted at gl, movement of the regulator in one or the other direction increasing or diminishing the pressure of the free end of the said spring upon the bobbin or under thread passing between it and the bobbincase g'.

The bobbin-caseis provided with a tnger, g, with which co-operates a bobbin-case holder, g",`herein shown as a spring-arm provided with a handle and connected in a yieldingmanner to the racewayblock G by a suitable screw, g1".

The bobbon-case in practice will be provided with usual or suitable slots through which to' lead the under thread into position beneath the tension-spring g5.

The shuttle is held in the race by a proper cover-plate, as n. (See Fig. 3.)

The loop-dischargeir b3 is pointed in the direction of the movement of the shuttle when the latter is entering, so as to pass through the loop of needle-thread, and in practice the said loop-disch'arger is longer than the point b of the shuttle, the point or delivery end of the loop-discharger being inclined toward the periphery of the bobbin-case and in its eX- y treme forward throw passing to a point beyond a vertical line (see Fig. 7*) drawn through the center of Vthe stud or post onvwhich the bob# bin-case turns, so that the said loop-discharg'er .insures the delivery from it'of the loop-thread taken from the needle n* at a point on the bobbin-case at the left of the saidv vertical line, so

that the loop of needle-thread cannot byany possibility rise to the right of the bobbin-case, viewing Fig. 7. l

As shown in Fig. 4, the point of the shuttle isjust back of the needle as the latter is descending to form a yloop in the needle thread for the entrance of the point of the shuttle in order that the shuttle may draw the loop of needle-thread down, eXpand,and pass it about the bobbin-case and its thread.v The needle bar is actuated by a crank-motion in usualA manner. .The point b ofy the shuttle S enters the loop of needle-thread after the needle has finished its descent and begun to rise, andin its forward motion the shuttle (see Figs. 5 and 6) carries the needle-thread against and spreads it over the rounded edge of the bobbin-case,as shown at its right-hand side; but as soon as the point of the shuttle reaches the position Fig. 6 the position of the loop-discharger b? is such that the loop of needlethread leaves the notch upper or needle thread, the action of t-he take# up onthe needleLthread being such as to cause it, when the 4shuttle is moving from the position Fig. 6 to the position Fig. 7, to travelon the loop-discharger at aspeed; in excess ofthe speed due tothe speed ofthe shuttle, and the loop discharger delivers the loop of needle thread fromitspoint directly upon thebobbin- IOO IOS

IIS

shell at the rear side of the line drawn vertically through the stud or post b5, as in Fig. 7, and thereafter and before the loop of needle-thread in its rising movement by the take-up reaches the heel of the shuttle the motion of the shuttle-carrierH is stopped and reversed, so as to leave a clear space between the heel of the shuttle and the carrier, as best shown in Fig. 71.

In order to enable me to actuate the shuttle for more than a half circle by a shuttle-driving rock-shaft actuated by a link and crank motion from a rotating needle-bar-actuating shaft, and yet retain the center of motion of both the bobbin and the shuttle concentric with relation to the rock-shaft for actuating the shuttle-driver, I had to shorten the shuttle, so that its length from point to heel is substantially only a semicircle; but such a shuttle would not be practical unless it were for the loop-discharger, which is made to eX- tend farther than the point of the shuttle when at the limit of its forward throw, the loopdischarger, pointed inward toward the bob# bin-case, being essential to insure the delivery of the loop of needle-thread directly upon the bobbin-case beyond its lower center.

Referringto Fig. 9, it will be seen that a line drawn from the heel of the shuttle to the point of the loop-discharger will eut the post or stud b5, on which the bobbin-case turns,and that were the said line made to intersect the center of the said stud the line would cut the loop diseharger back of its delivery end, neither of the said lines, however, cutting the point b of the shuttle.

The back of the shuttle, as herein shown, is

com osed of a sinvle arm b* of such lenU-th p b 7 y b and stiffness as to constitute a support for the stud or post b5, the said back being bulged outwardly (see Fig. ll) to occupy a position somewhat distant from the periphery of the bobbinease and bobbin, thus leaving the bobbin-ease and bobbin within it projecting beyond the edge ofthe arm b, so that .the shuttle in passing from the position Fig. 4 tothe position Fig. 6 spreads the loop of needle-thread'only suiciently to embrace and pass the outwardlyprojecting narrow part ofthe arm b, the shuttle as constructed so reducing the size or thickness ofthe body or central part of the shuttle as to reduce the length ofthe loop required to be taken from the needle to be expanded about the bobbin-case.

When the loop of needle-thread passes from the loop-discharger it is deposited entirely upon the bobbin-case at that portion thereof which is protruded beyond the arm b".

The arm b", forming the back of the shuttle, is bulged outwardly rather abruptly7 as shown best in Figs. 10 and 11, and its free end is beveled inwardly toward the center of the bobbin, to thereby co-operate with the bobbincasein holding such an amount of loop of needle-thread and in such condition and under such strain that as the loop of needle-thread acted upon by the take-up and passing along the loop-discharger b3 toward the bobbin-case will, aided by theincline or bevel referred to, as well as by the bevel g3 of the bobbin-case, insure an accelerated movement for the loop of needle-thread.

My improved shuttle, bobbin, and bobbinease assembled for operation present within the loop of needle-thread their greatest thickness at any one point when the shuttle is in substantially the position shown in Fig. 6, and at such time the parts of the shuttle and bobbin-case at the left of a vertical line let fall through the center of the stud or post b5 and embraced or encircled by the loop of needlethread is materially thicker than when the said parts are in any other position.

In another application, Serial No. 234,765, filed on the 14thJ day of April, 1887, I have shown and described a shuttle substantially such as herein show n the same being combi ned with a shuttle-carrier rather than with ashuttlc driver and raceway, the shuttle herein shown being therein made the subject of claim as combined with a carrier, thus enabling a raeeway to be dispensed with.

The presser-bar p and its attached presserfootpZ are all as usual.

I claim- 1. In a sewing-machine, the following instrumentalities, viz: a reciprocating needlebar carrying an eye-pointed needle, a rotating needle-bar-actuating shaft and intermediate connections between it and the needle-bar, a take-up, a rock-shaft located below the bedplate of the machine,mechanism, substantially as described, to oscillate the said rock-shaft for more than one-halfa rotation, a shuttle-driver, a shuttle-race, au oscillating shuttle having a point and a loop-discharger located adjacent to the point and pointing toward the periphery ofthe bobbin-case and operating to discharge the loop of needle-thread upon the bobbincase just past its lower center', a bobbin-case, and a bobbin supported by a post or stud at the center of oscillation of the shuttle, the said bobbin having its center of motion coincident with the center of oscillation of the rock-shaft for moving the shuttle, to operate, all substantially as described.

2. In a sewing-machine,an oscillating shuttle having a heel and point at nearly one hundred and eighty degrees from each other, and a loop-discharger longer. than t-he point and extended toward the bobbin-case, combined with a bobbin-case and bobbin, the center of rotation of the bobbin being coincident with the center of motion of the shuttle, substantially as described.

3. In a sewing-1nachine,an oscillatingshuttlc having a heel and point substantially or nearly one hundred and eighty degrees distant, a loopf discharger adjacent to but longer than the pointand-extended to the bobbin-case in the i direction of the forward movement of the shuttle, a bobbin having its support concentric to IOO IIO

the circular periphery of the shuttle, and a bobbin-case combined with a tension device arranged at the outer side of the bobbin-case and accessible from the front of the shuttleto adjust the tension on the bobbin-thread, substantially as described.

4. A shuttle-race, a rock-shaft, and means, substantially as described, to oscillate it for more than one hundred and eighty degrees, an oscillating shuttle having a point substantially or nearly one hundred and eighty degrees distant from its heel, and a loop-discharger adja cent to but longer than the point and extended in the direction of the forward motion of the shuttle and inclined toward the bobbin-case, combined with a bobbin-case, means, substantially as described, to prevent the rotation of the bobbin-case with the shuttle, and a bobbin, the center of rotation of the bobbin in the case andthe center of oscillation of the shuttle and the roclcshaft actuating it being all substantially coincident, whereby the momentum of the oscillating shuttle is only that due to its own weight, thus enabling the shuttle to be run at high speed with the minimum of shock and strain upon its actuating parts, as set forth.

5. In a sewing-machine, a circular raceway, a rock-shaft provided with a shuttle-driver, means, substantially as described, to oscillate the said rock-shaft for more than one hundred and eighty degrees, and a bobbin having its.

support coincident with relation to the center of oscillation of the said rock-shaft and of the raceway, combined with a shuttle having a loop-discharging prong, and the bobbin-case swelled or bulged and cut away, as described,

vto enable the loop of needle-thread to be un- Vitnesses:

E. H. BENNETT, L. B. MILLER.

PHILIP DIEHL, 

